Muttiah Muralitharan is a former Sri Lankan cricketer, widely regarded as one of the greatest spin bowlers in cricket history. Playing for Sri Lanka from 1992 to 2010, Muralitharan holds the record for the most wickets in both Test and ODI cricket, with 800 Test wickets and 534 ODI wickets. Known for his unique bowling action and exceptional ability to turn the ball, he was instrumental in many of Sri Lanka’s victories. His career is marked by numerous records and accolades, and his influence extends beyond his playing days as he continues to contribute to cricket through coaching and mentoring.
Career Statistics
Batting
| Batting | Test | ODI | T20 | IPL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matches | 133 | 350 | 12 | 66 |
| Innings | 164 | 162 | 2 | 9 |
| Runs | 1261 | 674 | 1 | 20 |
| Balls | 1794 | 869 | 5 | 30 |
| Highest | 67 | 33 | 1 | 6 |
| Average | 11.68 | 6.81 | 0.5 | 3.33 |
| SR | 70.29 | 77.56 | 20.0 | 66.67 |
| Not Out | 56 | 63 | 0 | 3 |
| Fours | 146 | 50 | 0 | 1 |
| Sixes | 29 | 12 | 0 | 0 |
| Ducks | 34 | 27 | 1 | 2 |
| 50s | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 100s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 200s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 400s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Bowling
| Bowling | Test | ODI | T20 | IPL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matches | 133 | 350 | 12 | 66 |
| Innings | 230 | 341 | 12 | 66 |
| Balls | 44039 | 18811 | 282 | 1524 |
| Runs | 18180 | 12326 | 297 | 1696 |
| Maidens | 1794 | 198 | 0 | 1 |
| Wickets | 800 | 534 | 13 | 63 |
| Avg | 22.73 | 23.08 | 22.85 | 26.92 |
| Eco | 2.48 | 3.93 | 6.32 | 6.68 |
| SR | 55.05 | 35.23 | 21.69 | 24.19 |
| BBI | 9/51 | 7/30 | 3/29 | 3/11 |
| BBM | 16/220 | 7/30 | 3/29 | 3/11 |
| 4w | 45 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
| 5w | 67 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| 10w | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Early Life and Background
Muttiah Muralitharan, widely known as “Murali,” was born on April 17, 1972, in Kandy, Sri Lanka, to a family of Tamil descent. His father, Sinnasamy Muttiah, was a successful confectioner, and his mother, Lakshmi Muttiah, was a homemaker. Murali was the eldest of four brothers, and from a young age, he displayed a keen interest in cricket.
Murali attended St. Anthony’s College in Kandy, a school known for its strong cricketing tradition. It was here that his cricketing journey began in earnest. Encouraged by his father and guided by his school coaches, Murali started as a medium-fast bowler. However, it was his switch to off-spin that would eventually make him a legend. His unique bowling action, which would later become a subject of much scrutiny and controversy, began to take shape during these formative years.
Domestic Career
Murali’s domestic career began with the Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club in Colombo. His performances in domestic cricket quickly caught the eye of national selectors. His ability to turn the ball sharply, coupled with his accuracy and consistency, made him a standout performer. His first-class debut came in 1991, and he immediately made an impact, showcasing his potential as a world-class spinner.
Murali’s domestic performances were characterized by his ability to take wickets on any surface. His success in the domestic circuit earned him a place in the Sri Lankan national team. His rise through the ranks was swift, and he soon became a key player for his club and province. His dominance in domestic cricket was a precursor to the success he would achieve on the international stage.
International Debut and Early Career
Muralitharan made his Test debut for Sri Lanka against Australia on August 28, 1992, in Colombo. His first match was a challenging one, as Australia boasted a strong batting lineup. Murali’s performance in his debut match was modest, but it was evident that Sri Lanka had found a spinner with immense potential. His unique bowling action, with a high arm and a pronounced wrist rotation, generated significant turn and bounce, making him a difficult bowler to face.
His early years in international cricket were marked by periods of struggle and brilliance. He faced skepticism and scrutiny due to his unusual bowling action, with some questioning its legality. Despite the controversies, Murali continued to perform, consistently taking wickets and establishing himself as a key player in the Sri Lankan team.
His breakthrough came during Sri Lanka’s tour of New Zealand in 1995, where he took 19 wickets in the three-match Test series. This performance silenced many of his critics and marked the beginning of Murali’s rise as one of the premier spinners in world cricket. His ability to bowl long spells, combined with his exceptional control and variation, made him a formidable opponent.
The No-Ball Controversy
One of the defining moments of Murali’s career came during Sri Lanka’s tour of Australia in 1995-96. During the Boxing Day Test match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Australian umpire Darrell Hair called Murali for throwing, no-balling him seven times in three overs. The incident sparked a major controversy, with accusations of racism and bias against Murali. The Sri Lankan team, led by captain Arjuna Ranatunga, stood firmly by Murali, and the incident brought the issue of his bowling action to the forefront.
The International Cricket Council (ICC) intervened, and Murali’s action was subjected to extensive testing and analysis. Biomechanical experts concluded that Murali’s action was within the permissible limits, and he was cleared to continue playing. Despite the clearance, the controversy would resurface periodically throughout his career, particularly when playing in Australia. However, Murali’s resilience and determination saw him overcome these challenges, and he continued to perform at the highest level.
Rise to Prominence
The late 1990s and early 2000s saw Murali rise to prominence as one of the leading spinners in world cricket. His ability to take wickets on any surface, coupled with his exceptional control and variation, made him a match-winner for Sri Lanka. He developed several variations, including the famous “doosra,” which turned in the opposite direction to his stock delivery. This variation added another dimension to his bowling and made him even more difficult to read.
One of Murali’s most remarkable achievements came in 1998 when he took 16 wickets in a Test match against England at The Oval. This performance was a testament to his skill and ability to dominate the opposition. His ability to bowl long spells and consistently take wickets made him a key player in Sri Lanka’s success during this period.
Murali’s performances in One Day Internationals (ODIs) were equally impressive. He played a crucial role in Sri Lanka’s triumph in the 1996 ICC Cricket World Cup, where his wickets and economy rate were instrumental in the team’s success. His ability to control the game in the middle overs and take crucial wickets made him one of the most valuable players in the shorter format.
Record-Breaking Feats
Murali’s career is punctuated by numerous record-breaking feats. In 2004, he surpassed Courtney Walsh’s record of 519 Test wickets to become the highest wicket-taker in Test cricket. This achievement was a testament to his longevity, consistency, and skill. Murali’s ability to take wickets on any surface and in any conditions made him a bowler for all seasons.
In 2007, Murali broke Shane Warne’s record of 708 Test wickets to become the highest wicket-taker in Test cricket history. This achievement was celebrated by cricket fans around the world and cemented Murali’s place as one of the greatest bowlers of all time. His tally of 800 Test wickets, a record that still stands, is a testament to his extraordinary career.
Murali’s achievements were not limited to Test cricket. In ODIs, he became the highest wicket-taker, surpassing Wasim Akram’s record of 502 wickets. His ability to adapt to different formats and consistently perform at the highest level made him one of the greatest bowlers in the history of the game.
Challenges and Comebacks
Despite his remarkable career, Murali faced several challenges and setbacks. Injuries were a constant concern, given the physical demands of his bowling action. His ability to bowl long spells and take on a heavy workload took a toll on his body, leading to periods of rehabilitation and recovery. However, Murali’s resilience and determination were evident in the way he bounced back from these setbacks.
One of the significant challenges came during the latter part of his career when critics questioned his place in the team, especially in the shorter formats. Murali responded in typical fashion, with performances that silenced his detractors. His ability to adapt and reinvent his game was a testament to his cricketing acumen and work ethic.
Murali’s commitment to the Sri Lankan team was unwavering, and he continued to be a vital player even as he approached the twilight of his career. His experience and knowledge of the game were invaluable, and he remained a key figure in the dressing room.
Retirement and Legacy
Muttiah Muralitharan announced his retirement from Test cricket in July 2010, bringing an end to an illustrious career that spanned nearly two decades. His final Test match was against India in Galle, where he fittingly took his 800th wicket, becoming the first and only bowler to achieve this milestone. This achievement was a fitting farewell for one of the game’s greats.
Murali’s ODI career continued for a while longer, and he finally retired from all forms of international cricket after the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup. His departure marked the end of an era for Sri Lankan cricket, and tributes poured in from around the world, acknowledging his immense contributions to the game.
Murali’s legacy is defined by his records and achievements. He is the highest wicket-taker in both Test and ODI cricket, a testament to his consistency and excellence. His 800 Test wickets and 534 ODI wickets are records that may never be surpassed. Beyond the statistics, Murali’s influence on the game is profound. He set new standards for spinners and redefined the role with his exceptional performances.
Murali’s impact extended beyond his playing career. He took on coaching roles, sharing his knowledge and experience with the next generation of cricketers. His work with the Sunrisers Hyderabad in the Indian Premier League (IPL) and various other coaching stints demonstrated his commitment to the development of the game.
Personal Life and Philanthropy
Off the field, Muttiah Muralitharan is known for his humility and down-to-earth personality. Despite his success and fame, he remained grounded and focused on the game he loved. Murali’s personal life is marked by his close relationship with his family and his strong sense of community.
Murali married Madhimalar Ramamurthy, the daughter of a prominent Tamilian doctor, in 2005. The couple has a son, Naren, born in 2006. Murali’s family has been a source of strength and support throughout his career, and he often credits them for his success.
Murali has also been involved in philanthropic activities, using his fame and resources to give back to the community. The Foundation of Goodness, founded by Kushil Gunasekera, has been one of Murali’s primary philanthropic endeavors. The foundation aims to improve the lives of underprivileged communities in Sri Lanka through education, health, and sports initiatives. Murali’s involvement with the foundation reflects his belief in the power of giving back and making a difference in the lives of others.